Tirzah ravilious autobiography of a flea

English painter

Eileen Lucy "Tirzah" Garwood (11 April – 27 March ) was a British wood-engraver, painter, paper marbler, author, and a member of the Great Bardfield Artists.

According to Brighton Hove museums, Garwood "is one of the most original and distinctive figures of twentieth century British art."^[1] Her work is known for depicting people, places and animals in domestic scenes "caught in a fleeting moment". Her style is praised for its touches of humour and eccentricity.^[1]

Garwood was married to the artist Eric Ravilious .^[2] They collaborated on some projects together, most notably the mural at the Midland Hotel, Morecambe.^[3] Garwood's autobiography was titled 'Long Live Great Bardfield & Love to You All'.^[4]

During her time with the Great Bardfield Artists, Garwood worked with Charlotte Bawden in creating exquisite marbled papers, some of which are now in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.^[1]

Early life and education

Garwood was born in in Gillingham, Kent, the third of five children^[5] born to Ella Agnes (née Corry) (–) and Frederick Scott Garwood (–) an officer in the Royal Engineers.^[6] Her name "Tirzah" was bestowed by her siblings, a reference to Tirzah in the Book of Numbers in the Bible, and possibly a corruption of a reference by her grandmother to "Little Tertia", that is, the third child. She and her family accompanied her father on army postings to Croydon, Littlehampton and then Eastbourne.^[5]

Garwood was educated at West Hill School in Eastbourne from to , and then at Eastbourne School of Art from , under Reeves Fawkes, Oliver Senior and, as a wood engraver, Eric Ravilious.^[6] Her father recorded the date of her first engraving, 24 November , in his diary. Garwood moved to Kensington in ^[5] and later studied at the Central School of Art.^[6]

Curator of the Towner Gallery, Andy Friends states that Garwood's student work as a wood-engraving shows "evidence of how, in a difficult art, Tirzah almost instantly became an adept peer of her already accomplished teacher – and during began to exert an influence over his own approach."^[7]

Wood-engravings

One of Garwood's early woodcuts, shown at the Society of Wood Engravers' annual exhibition in , was praised in The Times.^[6] The same year, the Redfern Gallery, in London showed The Four Seasons, a series of Garwood's engravings.^[6]

She undertook commissions for the Kynoch Press and for the BBC, for whom she produced a new rendering of their coat-of-arms.^[6] In Garwood illustrated Granville Bantock's oratorio The Pilgrim's Progress, which he wrote as a BBC commission.^[6]

In the late s, when wood engravings were widely popular, Garwood was recognized as one of the most promising, skilled, and innovative artists of that era. Her wood-engraving work was highly praised for its intricacy, humor and a hint of eccentricity.^[1]

Life with Eric Ravilious

Garwood married Eric Ravilious in Kensington on 5 July ^[8] Between and the couple lived in Hammersmith, London, where there is a blue plaque on the wall of their house at the corner of Upper Mall and Weltje Road. In they moved to rural Essex where they initially lodged with Edward Bawden and his wife Charlotte at Great Bardfield. In they painted murals at the Midland Hotel in Morecambe.^[3]

During this time with the Great Bardfield Artists, Garwood was inspired by Charlotte Bawden to experiment with marbled paper. She created exquisite repeated designs which were used for lampshades and books. Garwood's marbling work was known for ethereal designs and natural dream-like forms and is currently held at the Victoria and Albert museum in London.^[1][9]

In they purchased Bank House at Castle Hedingham, in Essex, and a blue plaque now commemorates this. They had three children: John Ravilious (–); the photographer James Ravilious (–);^[10] and Anne Ullmann (b. ), editor of books on her parents and their work.^[5] After Anne was born in April , the family moved out of the often cold, and sometimes flooded, Bank House to Ironbridge Farm near Shalford, Essex. She was painted by Ravilious, in Two Women in a Garden (), alongside Charlotte Bawden.^[8]

During the winter of Garwood became ill; she was diagnosed with breast cancer and underwent emergency mastectomy surgery in March ^[11] She wrote her autobiography from March and May , while recovering from the surgery.^[2] Originally intended only for her family, the autobiography, Long Live Great Bardfield & Love to You All, was published posthumously, in , after being edited by her daughter Anne.^[12]

While he was travelling for a commission from the War Artists' Advisory Committee, Eric Ravilious's plane went missing off Iceland; it was later determined that he died in a plane crash on 2 September ^[2] His body was never recovered. The government proved reluctant to pay Garwood the widow's pension she was due or to settle Ravilious's outstanding pay for over a year.^[11]

Later life and oil paintings

Garwood left Ironbridge in March , and moved with her children to Boydells Farm, near Wethersfield, Essex. She began painting in oils and resumed her career as an artist. These were some of the most productive years of her life as an artist.^[13] Her oil paintings depict natural scenes of birds and insects that are otherworldly and enchanting in jewel-like color schemes.^[1]

Garwood met the Anglo-Irish radio producer Henry Swanzy in , and they were married in March They lived in Hampstead.^[5]

She was again diagnosed with cancer in early , and lived in a nursing home near Colchester from , where she died in She was buried in Copford.^[5]

Tirzah Garwood's daughter, Anne Ullman wrote, "During the last year of Tirzah's life, sometimes in bed and often in pain, relived by deep ray therapy and testosterone, Tirzah completed no less than twenty small oil paintings."^[13] A family friend, Olive Cook recalls how Garwood astounded her friends during this time period with her determination, joy, and courage in what Garwood said was "the happiest year of her life".^[13]

Autobiography

Garwood's autobiography, Long Live Great Bardfield & Love to You All, was written in free moments in while Garwood was recovering from an illness. The memoir was edited and published in by her daughter, Anne Ullmann. It was originally meant to be a private memoir for her family.^[1][4]

According to Robert Radford of Cassone, the International Online Magazine of Art and Art Books, "[Garwood's autobiography's] principal value is the light that it shines on the situation of a young female artist during the middle decades of the 20th century, contending with issues of self-confidence as an artist, the emerging awareness of the tyranny of society's expectations of women but also the sense that hers was a generation and a milieu from which radical transformations in behaviour could be expected."^[4]

Commemoration and legacy

A memorial exhibition was held at the Towner Gallery in Eastbourne in Two of her paintings are in the Towner Gallery,^[14] which also has the largest collection of Ravilious' work.^[15] Both also have works in the Fry Art Gallery in Saffron Walden. One of her prints is held by the Victoria & Albert Museum in London.^[16]

On 19 November the Dulwich Picture Gallery opened the first major retrospective of Garwood's work. The exhibition will run until 26 May ^[17]

Bibliography

• &#;&#; (). Long Live Great Bardfield & Love to You All: The Autobiography of Tirzah Garwood –43. Simon Lawrence-Fleece Press. ISBN&#;.

References

External links